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Antibodies, anti-TSH receptors

Anti-TSH receptor antibodies bind to TSH receptors located on the basal membrane of thyrocytes (the cells of the thyroid). These receptors are the essential interface between the thyrocyte and TSH and may act as auto-antigens.
Under the name of anti-TSH receptor antibodies are grouped all the antibodies that bind to TSH receptors without prejudging of their post-receptor action, which can be either stimulating mimicking the action of TSH or blocking by inhibiting the action of this hormone.
These antibodies are responsible for thyroid hyperactivity observed in Graves’ disease and certain autoimmune hypothyroidism when they inhibit the activity of TSH.

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